and to prevent elision N is inserted; 'range' because tr0 ra the infinitive is a druta word.
ON CALA WORDS.
There are particular words which are not allowed to add N in this manner, and these are called S'lT'3'jjriKto Calasabdamulu or Cala words.
All nominative cases are included in this rule. Thus ■sfjfc&o am vadu-undenu, 'he was' may by elision become ■snt&o'&jSa vadundenu; but not snSoi&o'Sffc vadunundenu.
Should however the N be inserted as here shewn, ■sr°s6fko"3j& vadu-n-undenu, the letter N would signify 'AND:' thus 'and he was,' or 'he also was:' because fl» or fcj. (nu or nnu) may be the conjunction. Thus N may be inserted if it has a meaning: but cannot be inserted (as in the Greek words already noticed) for the purpose of preventing elision.
Further rules regarding Druta and Cala will be placed in another Chapter: because they may be required by the advanced student; though unintelligible to the beginner.
The principles of Druta and Cala have been supposed peculiarly obscure: but we may observe that the Telugus, even the most illiterate, who never heard of the Grammatical terms 'Druta' and 'Cala' find the distinction easy. Hence we may fairly conclude that the difficulty has arisen from the mode in which the subject has been treated in Grammars. There evidently are two parts of the subject, one is quite easy and has now been explained: the other being more refined can only be understood after we become acquainted with the Syntax and Prosody.
In some grammars it is asserted that all nominatives are Kala except l^fr nenu, 'I' and ^i$> tanu 'self.' In poetry these words may become "^ ne and V td. But long final vowels, (e and a in he and ta) never can suffer elision: it would therefore be needless to add N to prevent elision. We therefore do not require any
