పుట:A grammar of the Telugu language.pdf/115

వికీసోర్స్ నుండి
ఈ పుట ఆమోదించబడ్డది

The first and second conjugations contain chiefly verbs that originate in Telugu :* the third, (besides numerous native verbs) embraces all verbs derived from Sanskrit, Hindustani and other languages.

A verb may change out of one conjugation into another: thus ^csSoti chey-uta ending in T is of the 2d conjugation. But in its Causal shape TScxuotfcAj cheyinguta it becomes a verb of the 3d conjugation: and in its passive shape ^3c»smso£j it is a verb of the 1st conjugation. And the same changes take place in almost every verb.

Verbs ending in *& are of the 3d conjugation ; thus 3 *%*J. Some of these have the liberty of changing ■* 911 into ^v ppu thus a^£*J which falls within the 1st Conjugation. This will be afterwards explained. Thus the termination of the Boot alone shows the conjugation.

Certain changes made in the root make the participles n' and then by adding personal affixes with some particles, the tenses are made. Thus from ^cs&j makes the past p|| » 9 chest having done: and from this comes ^f^So chesinadu, he did, "So^JSo teccinadu, he brought, ^ok^^o pampinadu, he sent. Again ^ F0^ chesinanu I did, "30^t»js> teecinanu, I brought, *JoS>F°;ai pampinanu I sent. Here the terminations are uniform, though the verbs belong to three different conjugations. »■

These personal affixes are the same in all verbs whatever • both active and passive just as have, had, hast, are equally applicable to all English verbs. Accordingly if we know the affixes of one verb, we know those of all. And (as in English, Latin or French) it often is sufficient to mention the first person of a

• Many of these are likewise found in the Kannada language which appears to be more ancient than Telugu.